Rules at penalty shootout – FIFA blocks fairness at the penalty shootout

In mathematics, “Fair” describes a gambling in which the expected profit is 0. Transfer to sports games, the 0 is only theoretically. Rather, every party wants to break this status to the respective advantage. Power your skills thanks to chance. The parties playing are obliged to fair. Likewise, it is the ones that set up the rules for this. But sometimes the applicable rules favor one of the parties. Not infrequently for years. As at the European Football Championship.

In the quarter -finals, two games were decided by penalty shootout. At the draw of the respective start shooter, England as a team A (against Sweden, thus Team B), was ahead, as well as Germany as a team A (against France, Team B). The English like the German team had thus been sent to the penalty shootout. And this in accordance with the official regulations of the World Football Association (FIFA). This also provides for the guns order, which is fixed off … At their start, Team A meets 75 percent in statistical means. Team B is already under psychological pressure. This reduces the opportunities of the B-shooters by four percent the other round. Making over five rounds adds a disadvantage of 20 percent, so an advantageous 60:40 for Team A.

This has long been criticized by football -savvy mathematicians, in this country by Prof. Christian Hesse (University of Stuttgart). In 2014, Prof. Ignacio Palacios-Huerta, who was teaching in London, was the first to intervene at FIFA: »Ignacht shooting is not a 50-50 chance, but a 60-40 lottery. The tie-break practice of tennis’ would be a viable path to 50:50, “he wrote (in:” Beautiful Game Theory: How Soccer Helps Economics “). Practically, this would mean that the shooters do not alternate as before or to alternate when alternating, but always alternate when the alternating alternation is alternated. Sounds tricky, but is a crystal-clear fairness episode: for four couples from Ba Ba, for eight from Ba Ba from BA from BA. Mathematically nothing new than well known and used as Thue-Morse episode for 100 years. Only FIFA doesn’t play along.